---
title: "TTM and YoY"
description: "TTM (trailing twelve months) sums the last four quarters into a rolling year; YoY (year over year) compares a figure to the same figure a year earlier."
canonical_url: "https://fincanva.com/glossary/ttm-and-yoy"
last_updated: "2026-09-24"
md_url: "https://fincanva.com/glossary/ttm-and-yoy.md"
---

# TTM and YoY

TTM and YoY are two shorthands you meet in fundamental filters and in the **Unit line** under a [results column header](/glossary/fundamental-metric-columns). **TTM (trailing twelve months)** sums the last four reported quarters into a rolling one-year figure that always ends at the most recent report, rather than at a fiscal year-end. **YoY (year over year)** compares a figure to the same figure one year earlier, showing the change over a full year and cancelling out seasonal ups and downs.

**Also seen as:** LTM

## How is a year-over-year change calculated?

A year-over-year change is the difference between the current figure and the figure one year earlier, divided by that earlier figure.

$$ \text{YoY} = \frac{V_{t} - V_{t-1\text{yr}}}{V_{t-1\text{yr}}} $$

where: $V_{t}$ is the current value and $V_{t-1\text{yr}}$ is the value one year earlier.

## Why TTM and YoY are used

TTM gives an up-to-date annual figure between fiscal year-ends: instead of waiting for the full-year accounts, it adds the four most recent quarters, so the number moves every reporting season. YoY strips out seasonality: comparing this quarter to the same quarter last year avoids the distortion of holding a holiday quarter against a summer one.

## What does it look like in practice?

Suppose a company's fiscal year ends in December. After it reports Q3, its **fiscal-year revenue** still shows last December's full-year total — up to nine months stale. Its **TTM revenue** instead sums Q4 of last year plus Q1, Q2, and Q3 of this year, giving a rolling twelve-month total that already reflects the most recent quarter. If that TTM figure is 8% above the TTM a year earlier, its revenue **YoY** is +8%.

Fincanva is for education and illustration only. It is not personalised financial advice, and past or simulated results do not predict future ones. [Read the Terms Addendum](https://fincanva.com/terms/addendum#section-3)